Kugwira ntchito ngakhale kukhala mumlengalenga kwasintha kuchoka ku zongopeka zakutali kupita ku zenizeni zowoneka ngati zosapeŵeka, koma funso lidakalipo: Kodi mbadwo wotsatira wa malo okhalamo udzawoneka bwanji? Kwa Max Area, yankho ndilomveka, ndipo lakhala kwazaka zambiri – zaka mazana ambiri, ngakhale. Mbadwo watsopano wa malo omwe angakulitsidwe angapereke chitetezo komanso malo okwanira kuti atambasule miyendo yanu, ndipo yoyamba ikukwera mu 2026. Kuyamba kumatsogoleredwa ndi Aaron Kemmer, yemwe kale anali Made in Area, ndi Maxim de Jong, injiniya yemwe. yapewa kwambiri kutchuka ngakhale kuti ndi amene adayambitsanso malo okhalamo okulirapo ngati omwe ali pa World Area Station. Amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yophukira yamtundu wamtundu uwu ikuyenera kufika chaka chilichonse tsopano. Podziyika okha ngati olowa m’malo – ndikusintha kofunikira pa – mapangidwe azaka makumi angapo omwe akutsatiridwa ndi ena, amatha kutenga msika womwe ungakhale mabiliyoni ambiri. Malo okhalamo a Max Area amalonjeza kuti adzakhala okulirapo, amphamvu, komanso osunthika kwambiri kuposa chilichonse chonga iwo adakhazikitsidwa, osatchulapo zotsika mtengo komanso zopepuka kuposa zolimba, zamakina. Ndipo ngakhale amawoneka ngati ma baluni, ali, ngati omwe adawatsogolera, amatha kupirira zovuta zambiri komanso zosiyanasiyana zamlengalenga.
Credit Zithunzi: Max Area Koma kodi kuyambitsa kungatengere makampani akuluakulu apamlengalenga omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri za cholowa cha ndege ndi chidziwitso? De Jong sakuwoneka kuti akuda nkhawa ndi gawoli. Iye anandiuza kuti: “Ndimalankhula mawu omveka bwino osayesa chilichonse chimene ukudziwa kuti ungachite pasadakhale. “…Zomwe zimabwereranso kudzandiluma nthawi zonse,” anawonjezera. Cholowa cha Transhab
Malingaliro a NASA a 1997 a Transhab yowonjezereka mu mlengalenga.Mawu a Chithunzi: Malo owonjezera a NASA amabwerera kutali, koma ntchito yawo yoyamba yeniyeni inali mu polojekiti ya TransHab ku NASA m’zaka za m’ma 1990, kumene njira yofunikira inakhazikitsidwa. Mosiyana ndi maonekedwe awo, zowonjezera sizimangokhala ma baluni akuluakulu. Chigawo chakunja chooneka ndi, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zouluka zambiri, ndi chopyapyala chowonetsera kuwala ndikuchotsa kutentha. Mapangidwe ndi mphamvu zimakhala mkati, ndipo kuyambira Transhab msonkhano wokhazikitsidwa wakhala njira ya “basket weave”. Mwanjira iyi, zingwe za kevlar ndi zida zina zamphamvu kwambiri zimayikidwa motsatira njira zosinthira ndikumangiriza pamanja, ndipo pakukulitsa kupanga pamwamba ngati dengu lolukidwa, ndikukakamiza kwamkati kumagawidwa molingana m’magawo zikwizikwi. Kapena, ndiye chiphunzitsocho.
A Sierra Nevada MOYO malo okulirapo asanayambe komanso atakulitsidwa. Credit Photographs: Sierra Nevada Company De Jong, kupyolera mu kampani yake ya Skinny Purple Line Aerospace, anagwira ntchito bwino ndi Bigelow Aerospace kuti apange ndi kukhazikitsa kamangidwe kameneka kadengu, koma anali ndi kukayikira kwake kuchokera ku yambirani za kulosera kwa masinthidwe ambiri, kuphatikizika, ndi kuyanjana. Kusakhazikika pang’ono kungayambitse kulephera ngakhale pang’onopang’ono pachitetezo. “Ndinayang’ana zingwe zonsezi, ndipo monga munthu wakumunda ndimaganiza, ili ndi gulu. Mukangotha kapena kupanikizika, simudziwa kuti ndi gawo lotani l. a. katundu lomwe lidzasamutsidwe mbali imodzi, “adatero. “Sindinapeze njira yothetsera vutoli.” Sanachedwe kuonjeza kuti anthu omwe amagwira ntchito yoluka mitanga masiku ano (makamaka ku Sierra Nevada ndi Lockheed Martin) ndi odziwa bwino kwambiri ndipo apititsa patsogolo luso laukadaulo kuposa momwe lidalili koyambirira kwa zaka za m’ma 2000, pomwe malo omwe Bigelow adachita upainiya adamangidwa. ndipo anayambitsa. (Genesis I ndi II akadali mu orbit lero pambuyo pa zaka 17, ndipo malo okhala BEAM adalumikizidwa ku ISS kuyambira 2016.) Koma kuchepetsa si njira yothetsera. Ngakhale kuti basket-weave, yokhala ndi cholowa chake chowuluka komanso kuyezetsa kwakukulu, yakhalabe yosatsutsika ngati njira yopangira zowonjezera, kukhalapo kwa kapangidwe kabwino kwambiri kwinakwake padziko lapansi kumavutitsa De Jong, momwe zinthu zotere zimavutitsa akatswiri nthawi zonse. Ndithudi panali njira yochitira zimenezi yomwe inali yamphamvu, yosavuta, ndiponso yotetezeka. Mylar ndi Bernoulli
Maxim de Jong akugwira ntchito mu Skinny Purple Line’s house. Yankho linadza, monga momwe zinthu zimenezi zimachitira kaŵirikaŵiri, moipitsitsa, pafupifupi zaka 20 zapitazo. Inali nthawi yamdima kwa De Jong: kuntchito, atakana zoyeserera za Bigelow, kampani yake inali kuvutikira. Kunyumba, iye ndi mkazi wake “anali kukhala ndi makhadi – tidagulitsa galimoto yathu.” Chofunika koposa, mwana wake anali kudwala ndipo ali m’chipatala. “Ndinali kutopa kwambiri ndi mabaluni a ‘kuchira,’ chifukwa mwana wanga sanali kupeza bwino,” iye anandiuza motero. Pamene ankasinkhasinkha momvetsa chisoni za Mylar wodzazidwa ndi helium, china chake chinamkhudza mtima: “Voliyumu iliyonse imene mungaikemo chinachake imakhala ndi katundu mbali ziwiri. Baluni ya Mylar ya mwana, ngakhale… pali ma disc awiri ndi makwinya onsewa – kupsinjika konse kumakhala pa olamulira amodzi. Uku ndi kusokoneza masamu!” Mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi baluni amawongolera mphamvu zomwe zikugwira ntchitoyo kotero kuti kukakamiza kumangokokera mbali imodzi: kutali ndi pomwe magawo awiriwa amalumikizana. Kodi mfundo imeneyi ingagwire ntchito pamlingo waukulu? De Jong adathamangira ku zolembazo kuti akayang’ane chodabwitsachi, koma adapeza kuti dongosololi linali litalembedwa – zaka 330 zapitazo, ndi katswiri wa masamu wa ku France James Bernoulli.
Chithunzi chochokera ku Bernoulli’s 1694 “Curvatura Laminae Elasticae” kusonyeza isotensoid mfundo (De Jong akundiuza) . Credit Photographs: Bernoulli Izi zinali zonse zokondweretsa komanso mwina zochititsa manyazi pang’ono, ngakhale Bernoulli sanafune kuti izi zisokoneze chidwi chokhazikika cha orbital. “Kudzichepetsa kudzakufikitsani patali. Asayansi ndi masamu amadziwa zonsezi, kuyambira zaka za m’ma 1700. Ndikutanthauza kuti Bernoulli analibe mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kompyutayi — inki yokha pazikopa!” adandiuza. “Ndine wowala bwino, koma palibe amene amagwira ntchito yopangira nsalu; m’dziko l. a. akhungu muli mfumu ya maso amodzi. Uyenera kunena zoona, uyenera kuyang’ana zimene anthu ena akuchita, ndipo uyenera kukumba, kukumba, kukumba.” Popanga mawonekedwe a Bernoulli (wotchedwa isotensoid) kuchokera ku zingwe, kapena “tendon,” vuto lililonse lokhala ndi zowonjezera zambiri kapena zocheperako, akufotokoza De Jong. “Ndizodziwikiratu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati ndingotenga chingwe chautali wina, chomwe chidzatanthauzira geometry yonse: m’mimba mwake, kutalika, mawonekedwe – ndipo mukakhala nawo, kupanikizika ndi PSI ku equator, kugawidwa ndi chiwerengero cha zingwe. . Ndipo chingwe chimodzi sichimakhudza zinzakezo, mukudziwa momwe chingwe chimodzi chimakhalira cholimba; zonse ndi zolosera,” adatero.
Chofaniziracho chidayimitsidwa ndipo mkati mwake muli wantchito wa Skinny Purple Line. Zithunzi Zowonjezera: Max Area “Ndizosavuta kupanga.” Mphamvu zonse zofunika ndikungokhalira kukangana pazingwe (96 mwazofanana ndi ma prototypes, chilichonse chidavotera mapaundi 17,000), kukoka anangula kumapeto kwa mawonekedwewo. Ndipo monga momwe mungaganizire kuchokera ku milatho yoyimitsidwa ndi zida zina zolimba kwambiri, timadziwa momwe tingapangire kugwirizana kwamtunduwu kwambiri, mwamphamvu kwambiri. Mipata ya mphete za docking, mazenera, ndi zina ndizosavuta kuwonjezera. Momwe ma tendon amapunthira amathanso kusinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, monga masilindala kapenanso mkati mwa phanga l. a. Mwezi. (De Jong anali wokondwa kwambiri ndi nkhani imeneyo – inflatable ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera malo okhala mkati mwa mwezi.) Ndi dongosolo lopanikizidwa lodalirika kwambiri, likhoza kufufuzidwa ndi zipangizo zoyesedwa ndi ndege zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kubisala, kutsekereza ma radiation ndi micrometeoroids, ndi zina zotero; popeza sakunyamula katundu, gawolo l. a. mapangidwe ake ndilosavuta. Komabe chinthu chonsecho chimakanikiza ku pancake yocheperako pang’ono, yomwe imatha kupindika kapena kukulunga pamtengo wina ngati bulangeti.
Malo okhala ma kiyubiki 20 adasinthidwa kukhala pancake ya 2 kiyubiki mita, kapena “makonzedwe apulani.” Zowonjezera Zithunzi: Max Area “Kutentha kwakukulu komwe aliyense adapanga, ndipo tidachita ndi gulu l. a. anthu asanu m’miyezi isanu ndi umodzi,” adatero De Jong – ngakhale adawonjezeranso kuti “zovuta za kukhazikitsa kwake moyenera ndizovuta modabwitsa” ndipo adayamikira ukadaulo wa gululo. Zomwe De Jong adachita ndikutulukira, kapena kupezanso, njira yopangira malo okhala mumlengalenga omwe anali ndi mphamvu zofananira ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi makina, koma pogwiritsa ntchito kachigawo kakang’ono ka misa ndi voliyumu. Ndipo sanataye nthawi kuti agwire ntchito. Koma ndani akanaliwulutsa? Lowani Max Area Skinny Purple Line wawona zambiri zomwe adapanga zikupita mozungulira. Koma kukula kwatsopano kumeneku kunayang’anizana ndi nkhondo yayitali, yokwera. Pakuwuluka kwamlengalenga, njira zokhazikitsidwa ndi matekinoloje amakondedwa kwambiri, zomwe zimatsogolera ku 22: muyenera kupita kumlengalenga kuti mutenge cholowa cha ndege, ndipo mufunika cholowa cha ndege kuti mupite kumlengalenga. Kutsika kwamitengo yoyambira komanso osunga ndalama pamasewera athandizira kuthetsa izi m’zaka zaposachedwa, komabe sichinthu chophweka kuwonekera pagalimoto yoyambitsa. Pamene De Jong adagwira ntchito pa isotensoid kwa zaka zopitirira khumi, adadandaula kuti sadzawona konse kuwuluka. Ngakhale kuti ankafuna kupeza zinthu zambiri – “zokopa, koma sindinkafuna kugulitsa moyo wanga ku mbali yamdima” – ankafuna kuyika maganizo ake panjira. Anabwera Aaron Kemmer, yemwe kampani yake ya Made In Area yakhala ikulipira mu World Area Station kwazaka zambiri. Atangogulitsa kumene, anali kuganiza za chinthu chachikulu chotsatira – kwenikweni. “Ndinazindikira mwamsanga kuti ngati tibweretsa malonda enieni (mafakitale akuluakulu, nyumba, ma lab, ndi zina zotero) ku danga, timafunikira mphamvu zambiri. Zowonjezera ndi njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli yomwe imalola kuti izi zitheke, “adalongosola. “Ndipo palibe padziko lapansi amene amadziwa danga kuposa Maxim.”
Max Area ndi prototype yawo, ku MARS 2024. Credit Photographs: Max Area “NASA, chitetezo, zokopa alendo, makampani opanga malo, makampani omwe akufuna kupanga mankhwala mumlengalenga, ngakhale makampani osangalatsa – makamaka kwa zonsezi, kuchita chirichonse mumlengalenga ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, “adatero Kemmer. Zambiri mwazinthuzi zimachokera pakukhazikitsa, koma mtengowo ukutsika nthawi zonse pamene kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumachulukirachulukira, pomwe kuchuluka kwa malo opezeka m’mlengalenga kwakwera pang’ono kwazaka zambiri pomwe kufunikira kwakwera. Chifukwa chake Max Area, chiyambi chomwe chinapangidwira kugulitsa njira yatsopanoyi – dzinali likutanthauza kukhala ndi malo ochulukirapo mumlengalenga, komanso ulemu kwa (Maxim) De Jong, yemwe Kemmer adaganiza kuti akuyenera kuzindikirika pang’ono atagwira ntchito kwazaka zambiri. kusadziwika kwachibale (“zomwe zimandikomera bwino,” adatero). Ntchito yawo yoyamba idzakhazikitsidwa mu 2026 m’galimoto ya SpaceX rideshare, ndikukhala ngati umboni wamalingaliro kuti athe kupeza cholowa cha ndege, chomwe ndi mwayi umodzi wokulirapo womwe uli nawo kuposa isotensoids. “Tipita ku LEO, kukulitsa chiwombankhanga chachikulu kwambiri chomwe sichinafikepo, ndiye kuti chikhale pamenepo kwakanthawi kuti tiwone zomwe zikuchitika,” adatero Kemmer. Idzakhala ndi malipiro ang’onoang’ono a makasitomala, koma awa ndi achiwiri. Akatsimikizira lingalirolo ndi kakang’ono kakang’ono kameneka – 2 kiyubiki mita yomwe imakula mpaka 20, yomwe mungatchule kukula kwa chipinda – chinthu chenichenicho chidzakhala chachikulu kwambiri, monga momwe zasonyezedwera kale pamtunda. “Module yathu yoyamba yowonjezera idzakhala yofanana ndi ma module apano, kuyambira makumi mpaka mazana a cubic metres. Potsirizira pake, timafuna zikwi za cubic metres. Izi sizidzatithandiza poyenda mozungulira komanso paulendo wopita ku mwezi ndi Mars, “adatero Kemmer.
Lingaliro l. a. luso l. a. Max Area tablet pamtunda wa mwezi. Credit Zithunzi: Max Area Awiriwa adalongosola zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamkati zamkati, zomwe zingathe kudzaza kapena kuwonjezeredwa pambuyo pake: ulimi, moyo, kupanga, kufufuza – ngati mukufuna. ndi voliyumu, Max Area ndi wokonzeka kupereka. Kemmer adati akuyembekeza kuti msika uwombe (ndikosatheka kupewa mawuwo) nthawi yonse yomwe amawonetsa mlengalenga, popeza panthawiyo magalimoto onyamula katundu komanso malo okhala m’malo adzakhala atakwanira kuti makampaniwo ayambe kufunsa m’badwo wotsatira wa mayankho. Akatero, Max Area adzakhala okonzeka ndi yankho lawo.
