When protein antigens are injected into the small gut of wild-type mice, they’re handed to dendritic cells within the Peyer’s patches; identical experiments in M-cell-deficient mice lead to fewer dendritic cells receiving the protein antigen. Credit score: RIKEN
Researchers led via Hiroshi Ohno on the RIKEN Heart for Integrative clinical sciences (IMS) in Japan have came upon that meals antigens like milk proteins lend a hand stay tumors from rising in our guts, in particular the small intestines. Experiments disclose how those proteins cause the intestinal immune machine, permitting it to successfully forestall the delivery of latest tumors. The learn about was once revealed within the medical magazine Frontiers in Immunology on Sep. 17.
Meals antigens get a large number of detrimental press as a result of they’re the supply of hypersensitive reactions to meals corresponding to peanuts, shellfish, bread, eggs, and milk. Even if they do not result in hypersensitive reactions, those antigens—along side the various others present in vegetation and beans—are nonetheless thought to be overseas gadgets that wish to be looked at via the immune machine.
Ohno and his workforce have up to now reported that meals antigens turn on immune cells within the small intestines, however no longer the huge intestines. On the similar time, some immune cells activated via intestine micro organism are identified to suppress tumors within the intestine.
Within the new learn about, the RIKEN IMS researchers convey those two strains of concept in combination and examined whether or not meals antigens suppress tumors within the small intestines.
The workforce started with a different roughly mouse with a mutation in a tumor-suppression gene. Like other folks with familial adenomatous polyposis, when this gene malfunctions, the mice increase tumors all over the small and big intestines.
The primary experiment was once quite easy. They fed those mice customary meals or antigen-free meals and located that those that were given customary meals had fewer tumors within the small intestines, however the same quantity within the huge intestines.
Subsequent, they added a commonplace consultant antigen known as albumin—which can also be present in meat and isn’t in customary meals—to the antigen-free nutrition, ensuring that the overall quantity of the protein equaled the quantity of protein within the customary nutrition.
When the mice got this nutrition, tumors within the small gut have been suppressed simply as they’d been with customary meals. Which means that tumor suppression was once at once associated with the presence of antigen, no longer the dietary price of the meals or any explicit antigen.
The 3 diets additionally affected immune cells, in particular T cells, within the small intestines. Mice that were given the apparent antigen-free nutrition had many fewer T cells than those who were given the standard meals or the antigen-free meals with milk protein. Additional experiments published the organic procedure that makes this conceivable.
Those findings have scientific implications. Very similar to antigen-free diets, scientific elemental diets come with easy amino acids, however no longer proteins. This reduces digestive paintings and will lend a hand other folks with critical gastrointestinal prerequisites, corresponding to Crohn’s illness or irritable bowel syndrome.
In keeping with Ohno, “small intestinal tumors are a lot rarer than the ones within the colon, however the possibility is upper in instances of familial adenomatous polyposis, and subsequently the scientific use of elemental diets to regard inflammatory bowel illness or different gastrointestinal prerequisites in those sufferers must be thought to be very moderately.”
Elemental diets are from time to time followed via other folks with out critical gastrointestinal prerequisites or hypersensitive reactions as a wholesome option to shed pounds or cut back bloating and irritation. The brand new findings counsel that this may well be dangerous and emphasize that these kind of diets must no longer be used with out a physician’s advice.
Additional info:
Takaharu Sasaki et al, Meals antigens suppress small intestinal tumorigenesis, Frontiers in Immunology (2024). DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1373766
Quotation:
Scientists uncover proteins in meat, milk and different meals suppress intestine tumors (2024, September 18)
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